Sending device for subaqueous-current-line telegraphy



W. HAHNEMANN.

SENDING DEVICE FOR SUBAQUEOUS CURRENT LINE TELEGRAPHY. APPLICATION HLEDJAN. 29. 1915. RENEWED JULY 12. 1919.

1,33 1,640. Patented Feb. 24,1920.

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WALT ER HAHNEMANN, OF KI'IZEBERG. NEAR KIEL, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR TO FTRMASIGNAL GE$ELLSCHAFT M. B. 1-1., OF KIEL, GERMANY.

SENDING DEVICE FOR SUBAQUEOUS-CURRENT-LINE TELEGRAPHY.

Application filed January 29. 1915. Serial No. 5,043.

To all whom it may, oncern:

Be it known that l. YVALTER HAHXEMANN, subject of the German Emperor,and reside ing at Kitzeberg, near Kiel, State of Prussia, Germany, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Sending Devices forSubaqueous-Current-Line elegraphy, of which the followin is aspecification.

This invention relates to a sending device for sub-aqueous current linetelegraph stations. t relates more particularly to stations on shipswith iron hulls from which current lines are propagated by the sendingdevice through the water. With sending devices of this kind thespreading out of the current lines is considerably impaired by themetallic hull of the ship which forms what may be termed a short circuiton account of its low resistance. In order to render this shortcircuiting eiiect as small as possible the expedient has been. adoptedfor sending out alternating currents of a comparatively high frequencyfrom the electrodes into the surrounding water instead of continuouscurrent.

But it will generally be found that the short-circuiting eifect of theships hull can not be adequately met by merely using a sender energy ofhigh frequency. with comparatively high frequencies the resistance oftheships body will still be small compared to the internal resistance ofthe electrical devices in the ship, 6., the resistance of the circuitcomprising the electrodes, leads and the source of current.

The present invention consists in devising means for improving thesending equipment by reducing the aforementioned mternal resistance.This is accomplished by the application of suitable electric tuning orbalancing means. and by reducing the resistance of the conducting partsso that the resistance otthe entire circuit of the sending equipment inthe ship compares taverably with the resistance of the short circuitformed by the ships hull. The external resistance is representedsubstantially by the resistance of the ships hull. The maximumefiiciency of transmission is attained when.

the potential between the electrodes is highest. The reduction of theinternal resist ance to approximate .the external resistance,

between the electrodes and thereby a maxi- I Specification of LettersPatent.

Even

Patented Feb. 24, 1920.

Renewed July 12, 1919. Serial No. 810,500.

mum efficiency of transmission. Specifically as far as possible theself-induction of the sender generator and of the leads between thegenerator and the electrode plates by a suitable arrangement ofcondensers so as to reduce the resistance of the electrical equipment inthe ship to alternating currents. In addition to this the resultantohmic resistance of the entire circuit in the ship is reduced either byincreasing the cross section of the leads and conductors in thegenerator to the greatest possible extent or by using electrictransformers.

Figure 1 illustrates an equipment in which condensers are employed.Figs. 2 and 3 show equipments in which transformers are used.

In Fig. l electrodes E are fixed in any desirable manner by suitableinsulating mountings to ships hull A and are connected to a generator Wby leads L of very large cross section that include condensers C.

In Fig. 2 the leads L of large cross section that extend to theelectrodes E -form the secondary winding of a transformer T the primarywindings S of which are coupled by condensers C to the generator W.

Another mode of applying the invention consists in arrangingtransformers between the electrodes and the hull of the ship thesecondary windings of which are formed by means of cable leads betweenthe hull and the electrodes, while the primary windings are connected tothe source of current. Thereby longer leads of large cross section aresaved. An arrangement of this kind is illustrated in Fig. 3. Theelectrodes E and the metallic ships hull A are electrically connected bythe cable leads L of large cross section. The cables form the secondarywindings of transformers T, the primary windings S of which areconnected at their one end to a condenser C and at their other end to agenerator lV.

I claim 1. A system of submarine telegraphy or telephony in whichcurrent lines originating at atransmitting station on a ship with ametallic hull are utilized to operate a distant receiving station, saidsystem having an internal or sending circuit comprising an alternating;current generator, spaced submerged sending electrodes carried by theship and electrically connected to said generator, balancing means 01-reducing the resistance of the electrical equipment toalternating-current and leads of large cross section and low ohmicresistance the resist ance of the Whole internal or sending cir cnitbeing so small as to be comparable with the resistance of the externalcircuit; for the purpose specified. p

2. system of submarine telegraphy or telephony in which current linesoriginating at a transmitting station on a ship with metallic hull areutilized to operate a distant receiving station, said system having aninternal or scnding circuit comprising an alternating current generator,spaced submerged sending electrodes carried hy the ship and electricallconnected. to said orator, balancing means for reducing the IL sist'anceof: the electrical equipment to ternating. current, and leads of largecross section and low ohmic resistance, the res. ance of the Wholeinternal or sending circuit being so small to be comparable with a theresistance f the external circuit formed hythe Water and the ships hull;for the purpose specified.

3. A system of submarine telcgraphy or telephony in which current linesoriginating at a transmitting station on shi with metallic hull areutilized to operate a dis taut receiving station, said system having aninternal or sending circuit comprising an alternating current generatgu,a transformer with its primary circuit electrically connected to thesaid generator, balancing means in the primary circuit for reducing theresistance of the electrical equipment to alternating current and asecondary circuit of low ohmic resistance connected to spaced submergedsending electrodes carried by the shi" the resistance of the wholeinternal circuit being so small-as to be comparable with the resistanceof the external circuit formed by the Water and theships hull; for thepurpose specified.

i. A. system of submarine telegraphy or telephony in which current linesoriginating at a transmitting station on a ship with metallic hullreceiving station; said system having an mternal or sending circuitcomprising an alternating current generator, a transformer having aprimary circuit provided with balancing means to reduccthe resistance ofthe electrical equipment to alternating current, secondary windings oflou ohmic resistance and spaced submerged sending electrodes connectedby saidsecondary windings to the ships hull, the resistance of the Wholeinternal circuit being so small as to be comparable with the resistanceof the external circuit passing through the Water, for the purposespecified, in testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of twoWitnesses.

WALTER- HAHNEMANN.

Witnesses JULIUS Borne, \VILLY Rescuer.

are utilized to operate a distant

